There have been interesting discussions so far that I'm enjoying immensely! The concept of God and scripture reappears quite often. I would like to comment on views of my commentators but also present my own perspective.
There are a lot of issues that are being discussed at the same time. I would like to concentrate on ONE point at a time and discuss it in details.
As different people make different assertions I will try to present the points of view I came across so far and my thoughts on them. I want to break it down into small chunks. I will also use dictionary definitions to make sure that we are talking about the same thing.
When I think of Islam, Qur'an immediately comes to my mind. Qur'an is the foundation of what Islam is about. Later come hadiths and sira of Muhammad.
Let us take a look at Qur'an as a scripture, as a book of guidance, as a divine revelation.
1. Qur'an is considered to be the verbatim word of God.
32:2 Sahih International
[This is] the revelation of the Book about which there is no doubt from the Lord of the worlds.
hence:
1a. We can assume that the Qur'an is perfect i.e. not having any mistakes, faults, or damage as we would expect from God – an omnipotent and omniscient being.
1b. It also says about itself:
2:2 Sahih International
This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah -
Yusuf Ali
This is the Book; in it is guidance sure, without doubt, to those who fear Allah;
16:89 Sahih International
And [mention] the Day when We will resurrect among every nation a witness over them from themselves. And We will bring you, [O Muhammad], as a witness over your nation. And We have sent down to you the Book as clarification for all things and as guidance and mercy and good tidings for the Muslims.
17:9 Sahih International
Indeed, this Qur'an guides to that which is most suitable and gives good tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a great reward.
There are two assertions being made that Qur'an is:
a) without doubt (dict. doubt = a feeling of being not sure whether sth is true or right)
b) guidance [I also often hear that Qur'an is like a manual for life]
(guidance = help and advice given to someone about their work/education etc;
manual = a book that gives instructions about how to do sth.)
There is also verse 5:19
Sahih International
O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger to make clear to you [the religion] after a period [of suspension] of messengers, lest you say, "There came not to us any bringer of good tidings or a warner." But there has come to you a bringer of good tidings and a warner. And Allah is over all things competent.
The Qur’an says that it makes CLEAR what is expected of believers in:
9:115 Sahih International
And Allah would not let a people stray after He has guided them until He makes clear to them what they should avoid. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things.
24:34 Yusuf Ali
We have already sent down to you verses making things clear, an illustration from (the story of) people who passed away before you, and an admonition for those who fear (Allah).
[please note this time I used Ali’s translation cause Sahih says: sent down to you distinct verses while Khan, Pickthall and Ali translate it as making things plain]
24: 46 Yusuf Ali
We have indeed sent down signs that make things manifest: and Allah guides whom He wills to a way that is straight.
36:69 Sahih International
And We did not give Prophet Muhammad, knowledge of poetry, nor is it befitting for him. It is not but a message and a clear Qur'an.
5:3 Sahih International
(…) This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion.
I think we established enough that the Qur’an claims to be clear (mubeen) and provides guidance to believers.
The Qur’an also claims that falsehood cannot creep into its text in:
41:41-42 Sahih International
Indeed, those who disbelieve in the message after it has come to them... And indeed, it is a mighty Book.
Falsehood cannot approach it from before it or from behind it; [it is] a revelation from a [Lord who is] Wise and Praiseworthy.
15:9 Sahih International
Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will be its guardian.
While in 4:82 it says it is free from discrepancy:
Sahih International
Then do they not reflect upon the Qur'an? If it had been from [any] other than Allah , they would have found within it much contradiction.
Right, so we got that out of the way :-)
It seems that I’m in agreement with Usagi, who wrote a post as a reply to my questions here, that the Qur’an has been protected and as a word of God should be flawless.
I will write about the issue of Arabic and translation in another post. As I said, one topic at a time.
However, I didn’t extract a satisfying answer to the following questions:
If the Qur’an is perfect, flawless and CLEAR why:
1) do we have so much disagreement over what its verses mean?
2) do we have different schools of Islamic thought that not necessarily agree on the details (which shouldn’t be the case if the book is plain and clear in the first place)
3) what about:
12:1 Sahih International
Alif, Lam, Ra. These are the verses of the clear Book.
15:1 Sahih International
Alif, Lam, Ra. These are the verses of the Book and a clear Qur'an.
26_1-2 Sahih International
Ta, Seen, Meem. These are the verses of the clear Book.
Where is the clarity in those abbreviated letters? What do they mean?
Commentators on that post disagree whether translations are good enough and convey an accurate meaning (next post so please refrain from comments on this one just yet :-) ). There also comes an issue of Arabic language as such.
3) Is Qur’an easy to understand or not? Views seem to be divided on this one. And it is an extremely important issue as we are talking about eternal punishment in hellfire.
4) Stephi said that the Qur’an is not easy to understand but the Qur’an says otherwise… If the book is clear then I believe easy understanding would follow.
On the other hand, If it is easy then why am I often advised to supplement reading of the Qur’an with hadiths and tafsirs to understand THE TRUE meaning?
5) One commenter says that the current Qur’an is probably filled with a few flaws, which I believe goes against the Islamic tradition. Could a perfect and omnipotent God send a book of guidance with flaws?
Uff, I think I'm done! I would like to add so many things but wanted to keep it short and stick to one topic which proved to be very difficult :-)
Thank you for reading and well done if you got through until the end :-)